The exact causes of ADHD are not know yet. It is known that ADHD is connected to the brain’s neurotransmitters. Chemicals that the brain uses are called neurotransmitters. Two of these chemicals are called dopamine and norepinephrine.

When a child has ADHD it means the level of dopamine and norepinephrine is abnormal. The abnormalities in the levels of the neurotransmitters are caused by both biological and environmental factors.

ADHD is linked with these possible causes:prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke, whether by the mother or surrounding smokers, premature birth, lead poisoning, a mother using drugs and alcohol, malnutrition, low iron or high blood lead in early development stages. Another cause that is not common is brain trauma or severe brain infection.

How to treat ADHD: The treatment plan includes medication to control their symptoms Most common medicines used are methylphenidate (some brand names: Ritalin, Concerta), dextroamphetamine (brand name: Dexedrine), pemoline (brand name: Cylert), atomoxetine (Strattera), and a combination drug called Adderall. These medicines improve attention and concentration, and decrease impulsive and overactive behaviors. Never use these or other medicines without or against your doctor’s advice!

Most parents want to know how they can help their child. ADHD children crave structured environments and need to know what is expected of them. Having the teachers, parents and doctors all working toward a common goal will greatly increase the effectiveness of a treatment plan. Talking with and ADHD specialist will also benefit the family. Counseling is also a good partner to medication for a lot of children. The key is to keeping lines of communication with your doctor open and well used.